Gastric cancer, or stomach cancer, develops in the lining of the stomach and is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. It is linked to factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection, which causes chronic inflammation, smoking, obesity, and dietary habits including high salt and preserved foods.
The disease often develops silently, and symptoms may not appear until the cancer is in advanced stages. Early signs may include indigestion, bloating, nausea, and loss of appetite. As the disease progresses, more severe symptoms like vomiting, unintentional weight loss, and stomach pain may emerge.
Stomach cancer is diagnosed through a combination of endoscopy, imaging tests such as CT scans, and biopsy.
Treatment typically involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, depending on the cancer’s stage and location. If detected early, surgical removal of part or all of the stomach can offer a chance for a cure. However, the prognosis for advanced stages is often poor. Prevention strategies focus on managing risk factors such as eliminating H. pylori infection, maintaining a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Screening may be offered to individuals at higher risk, such as those with a family history of gastric cancer.
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