Liver cancer, also known as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a type of cancer that begins in the liver. The most common cause of liver cancer is chronic liver disease, particularly cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B or C infections, alcohol abuse, or fatty liver disease. Symptoms often include unexplained weight loss, pain in the upper right abdomen, and jaundice.
The liver's central role in processing toxins, hormones, and other substances makes it vulnerable to cancer when liver function is compromised. Diagnosing liver cancer usually involves imaging tests like ultrasound, CT scans, and MRIs, along with a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. Early-stage liver cancer may be treatable with surgery, liver transplantation, or ablation therapy, where the tumor is destroyed by heat or freezing.
However, liver cancer is often diagnosed late due to the absence of early symptoms. Treatment options for advanced stages include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Prevention through vaccination against hepatitis B and regular screenings for those with liver disease is crucial in reducing risk.
Source: American Cancer Society
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